Monday, December 31, 2012

Deal reached to avoid spike in milk prices | NOLA.com

The top leaders in both parties on the House and Senate Agriculture committees have agreed to a one-year extension of the 2008 farm bill that expired in October, a move that would head off a possible doubling of milk prices next month. (Photo by AP Photo/Dinesh Ramde)

WASHINGTON -- The top leaders in both parties on the House and Senate Agriculture committees have agreed to a one-year extension of the 2008 farm bill that expired in October, a move that would head off a possible doubling of milk prices next month.

Senate Agriculture Committee Chairman Debbie Stabenow indicated that the House could vote on it as early as Sunday evening. The agreement to extend current farm law until next October was reached as negotiators hit a snag on averting a broader fiscal cliff combination of higher taxes and spending cuts Jan. 1.

Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack said Americans faced the prospect of paying $7 for a gallon if the current dairy program lapsed and the government returned to a 1948 formula for calculating milk price supports.

Source: http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2012/12/deal_reached_to_avoid_spike_in.html

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Source: http://wilderlenny.typepad.com/blog/2012/12/home-design-design-art-and-decoration.html

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York College's long-range plans include campus, city improvements

In the next few years, York College aims to renovate residence halls and its student union as well as work toward revitalizing a city neighborhood where hundreds of students live.

Those goals are part of the college's 2012-2017 strategic plan and are mentioned by President George Waldner in his recently published book, "Building a Better College: York College of Pennsylvania Transforms Through Strategic Planning."

Waldner said in an interview that every five years, the college crafts a strategic plan, looking both internally and externally at its competitive environment to come up with goals and projects.

In his book, he noted that during the past 20 years, the college addressed needs for enhanced academic, residential, athletic and cultural facilities through about $250 million in capital projects.

"New capital project needs are always emerging in all aspects of the college's operations," he wrote. But the focus for 2012 to 2017 will be "renewal and revitalization of the institution's oldest, unrenovated buildings," namely the main campus residence halls, Country Club Manor apartments and the student union.

The college opened its newest residence hall, Northside Commons, in fall 2011. Waldner said that the college plans to first build a wing on to that, likely starting next fall.

That would give the college enough capacity to begin renovating the older dormitories that house freshmen and sophomores, he said. Those buildings date back to the 1960s, he said.

The idea is to renovate them to provide more square footage per student and more privacy, he said. Those buildings might not house as many students afterward, but there would still be additional capacity once all of the projects were finished.

The student union is from the 1970s, Waldner said, so plans are to update that building and incorporate more technology, though the design study is not yet far along.

The first priority is scoping out the dormitory situation and creating a multi-year plan that makes sense there, he said.

Kyle Joines, president of the York College Student Senate, said that one of the good things about the college is "it's always constantly growing."

Joines said the residence hall projects should help make the college more competitive, noting that many colleges nationwide have been redoing their residence halls to make them attractive.

Northside Commons "really embodies the ideal residence hall," he said.

And the student union, which houses the college admissions office, is one of the first buildings prospective students see.

"I truly believe that the student union should kind of represent the

beacon of campus life," Joines said. "It should embody the best of campus -- the best meeting spaces, lounges."

Improving nearby Jackson Street

The college is also looking at the nearby Jackson Street neighborhood, where Waldner said hundreds of students live.

The updated zoning law that the city adopted in 2011 include a "mixed use" zone adjacent to the college that will allow for the development of a "walkable urban neighborhood," Waldner said.

That means a neighborhood with a variety of amenities, like a coffee shop or a bookstore, available within walking distance for residents, he said.

Waldner said the college already works with people who want to start businesses, through its J.D. Brown Center for Entrepreneurship.

"We're happy to work with people who would like to go into the Jackson Street corridor," he said, noting that the college has been working with Susquehanna Real Estate on a strategy for helping to create that sort of development.

Kevin Schreiber, the city's economic and community development director, said the zoning law essentially created a new zoning district devoted to the college. The college was involved in the process and helped bring student housing landlords to the table, he said, establishing communication that seems to have been maintained.

There are a couple of commercial uses in the neighborhood, Schreiber said, and the college is evaluating where the commercial corridors and entry points might be. The city, the college and property owners will then work to beautify and make those areas safer.

Students are walking through the neighborhood now on their way to and from classes, he said. If over time there can be physical improvements such as lighting, traffic calming and bike lanes, it will become safer to do so.

With more people walking around, the hope is there will also be a rise in complementary commercial use, he said, which makes it a more attractive neighborhood.

It all leads to an enhanced tax base, he said.

Leaving it to a new leader

Waldner is retiring at the end of June, leaving much of the five-year plan for his successor.

He said that the plans really have a long lead time before they are put on paper. So as the 2012 to 2017 plan rolls out in the next couple of years, work on the 2018 to 2023 plan will begin.

The new president will be involved with the current plan as well as the next one.

"It's really continuing our progress," Waldner said of the plans.

Residence hall plans

York College is working on a multi-year plan to renovate residence halls.

President George Waldner said that adding a wing to the new Northside Commons building is likely the first step, to create additional space in order to close another dormitory down during renovations.

The other residence halls being eyed for renovations are: Beard Hall, Penn Hall, Manor North, South, East and West, and the Country Club Manor complex, according to Waldner's recently published book.

New majors

Included in York College's 2012-2017 plans is the possibility of several new majors.

The college started a hospitality major this fall, and others such as food science, horticulture and one or two engineering options are possible. The goal is to launch four new majors by August 2016, according to college President George Waldner's book.

"We've had consultants on campus for all majors we list in the plan," he said. The college is completing a plan of what the cost and facility needs would be to add the majors, he said.

About the book

George Waldner, who will soon retire as York College president, recently published a book, "Building a Better College: York College of Pennsylvania Transforms Through Strategic Planning."

To learn more about the book visit the Cram Session blog at www.yorkblog.com/cram and search for "Waldner."

College facts

Enrollment: 4,600 full-time undergraduate students, 300 graduate studentsMajors: 50-plus undergraduate academic majors

Campus size: 190 acres

Undergraduate tuition and fees, 2012-13: $16,520

Room and board: about $9,300

Source: www.ycp.edu


Related

? Historic house at center of squabble between former owner and York College

Source: http://www.ydr.com/ci_22269634/york-colleges-long-range-plans-include-campus-city?source=rss

joe johnson

Sunday, December 30, 2012

Ford Invests Heavily in Michigan Plants and American Workers

Photo: Autoblog

Ford Motor Company continues to help the American worker and our economy as well by investing heavily in their manufacturing facilities in Michigan. The company recently announced that it will spend $773 million to boost manufacturing at several facilities. This investment will upgrade the company?s plants as well as the retention of over 3,000 current hourly jobs, while creating 2,350 new ones. This is all part of Ford?s plan to add 12,000 hourly positions nationwide by 2015.

The biggest investment is going into the company?s Dearborn stamping plant. $305 million will go there to modernize the plant. Improvements include new press lines, a scrap conveyor system, and other new or updated machinery.

The Flat Rock, MI assembly plant will receive $161 million upgrade. This includes new machinery and equipment so that the plant can build the new Ford Fusion. The Flat Rock plant will also be used as an additional production facility.

The new Fusion will soon be built alongside the Taurus at the Flat Rock, MI plant

?

The Sterling Axle Plant will get $86 million for machinery. This is to keep up with current axle demand, as well as increases in demand, and future model changes. Van Dyke Transmission will receive $87.7 million, to upgrade machinery and equipment. This is due to expansions for the 6F35 and 6F50 transmissions.

Livonia Transmission gets $74.7 million for machinery and transmission expansion. This will also pay for transmission test equipment. Finally, the Michigan Assembly plant will receive $59.4 million for expansion of it?s stamping press line.

No word yet on when or how applications will be accepted for the new jobs. This expansion is obviously a positive note in these tough economic times. We?re glad to see Ford bringing more jobs home to the USA, and keeping Americans at work.

Source: http://www.stangtv.com/news/ford-invests-heavily-in-michigan-plants-and-american-workers/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=ford-invests-heavily-in-michigan-plants-and-american-workers

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Ms. Mac: 'Cute, Awkwardly Dressed'

Designer: PabloDeLaRocha.com, BlueStacks

She has freckles, a normal-sized head, wears t-shirts and jeans. She is also "awkwardly dressed" and "pretty cute." She is the average female Mac user, according to an infographic complied and released by software start-up BlueStacks.

The company, which makes software that allows Android apps to run on computers, just released a new version of its Mac app. Install the program and you can access Android apps right from Apple's OS X operating system - Angry Birds, Instagram, all your favorites.

But the company didn't want to just release the software. In honor of the announcement, it created an infographic based on data from its Facebook users about what Ms. Mac looks like.

According to the graphic, which you can view below, 27 percent of female Mac users have long hair, 48 percent wear glasses and 52 percent are under 20. Forty percent use Mac OS X Lion, 14 percent OS X Mountain Lion, 20 percent OS X Leopard, and 8 percent Snow Leopard.

However, you should take these findings with a grain of salt; they are based primarily on responses from BlueStacks' 1.1 million Facebook fans. Some of it is based on data from Nielsen, but BlueStacks confirmed that the majority of the information was pulled from its own users and its social media fans.

"We have a lot of early adopter fans who were into helping," BlueStacks VP of marketing, John Gargiulo, told ABC News. "We also hired a data scientist who has been parsing through the data and talking with people who use BlueStacks. We like to do things that are a bit fun and different."

BlueStacks created a similar infographic about Android users last year. Not surprisingly, 70 percent of male Android users wear t-shits and 62 percent wear jeans. (It's like that line from that '90s movie "Can't Hardly Wait": "He is sort of tall, with hair and wears t-shirts sometimes.")

Regardless, if you're looking for a fun infographic / full body image of the alleged Ms. Mac 2012, you can click the image below.

Also Read

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/abc-blogs/ms-mac-2012-pretty-cute-awkwardly-dressed-212520049--abc-news-tech.html

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LIR: Secrets of Georgia Traffic Law and Legal Update. | Overlasting ...

LIR: Secrets of Georgia Traffic Law and Legal Update.
Legal  Law
Image by Old Shoe Woman
Members learned about recent legislation related to driving issues which came into effect this past July. In addition, they also learned about some of Georgia?s best kept traffic law secrets. Judge John K. Edwards, Jr., Instructor

LIR: Secrets of Georgia Traffic Law and Legal Update.
Legal  Law
Image by Old Shoe Woman
Members learned about recent legislation related to driving issues which came into effect this past July. In addition, they also learned about some of Georgia?s best kept traffic law secrets. Judge John K. Edwards, Jr., Instructor

LIR: Secrets of Georgia Traffic Law and Legal Update.
Legal  Law
Image by Old Shoe Woman
Members learned about recent legislation related to driving issues which came into effect this past July. In addition, they also learned about some of Georgia?s best kept traffic law secrets. Judge John K. Edwards, Jr., Instructor

LIR: Secrets of Georgia Traffic Law and Legal Update.
Legal  Law
Image by Old Shoe Woman
Members learned about recent legislation related to driving issues which came into effect this past July. In addition, they also learned about some of Georgia?s best kept traffic law secrets. Judge John K. Edwards, Jr., Instructor

Source: http://overlasting.dyndns.org/lir-secrets-of-georgia-traffic-law-and-legal-update/

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Source: http://ovokilte.posterous.com/lir-secrets-of-georgia-traffic-law-and-legal

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Thursday, December 27, 2012

Microsoft Developed Cloud-Based GPS, Energy Saving And ...

GPS apps on the mobile phone has always been a power-hungry. However, with cloud-based GPS, the equal sign between GPS apps and power consumption will be cut off.

According to to TechnologyReview reports, Microsoft researcher has developed a very power-saving and efficient cloud-based GPS chip. The GPS chip on mobile end only accept the most important data from the satellite, and other critical data comes from public online database, this reduces the time of the phone to receive data from the satellite. Then, because the calculation of these data is in the cloud, which in turn reduces the energy consumption of mobile phones.

Microsoft?s R & D center, chief researcher Jie Liu said in an interview, originally the smart phones get the initial GPS fix can take up to 30 seconds of data communications with satellite, and their technology made this process reduced to a few milliseconds. Also data calculation is working in the cloud, GPS apps? power consumption will be reduced to a very low level.

The significance of reduce the energy comsumption of GPS chips not only lies to enhance the battery life of mobile devices, but also means that the GPS can be ported to more low-power consumption devices. Because the time and energy is reduced when calculating the location, the application developers can add more elaborate and rich features in the GPS apps.

If Microsoft?s cloud-based GPS can be applied in life in a short period of time, does this mean that Microsoft?s attempt to entry into the mobile end will be more smoothly?

Source: http://tracehotnews.com/microsoft-developed-cloud-based-gps-energy-saving-and-efficient/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=microsoft-developed-cloud-based-gps-energy-saving-and-efficient

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Newtown inundated with support, consolation on Christmas

Residents of Newtown Connecticut and out-of-towners alike came together Christmas Day to comfort families grieving after the horrific shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School.?

By Brock Vergakis and Stephen Singer,?Associated Press / December 26, 2012

Members of the Rutter family of Sandy Hook, Conn., embrace early Christmas morning as they stand near memorials by the Sandy Hook firehouse in Newtown, Conn.,Tuesday. People continue to visit memorials after gunman Adam Lanza walked into Sandy Hook Elementary School and opened fire, killing 26, including 20 children, before killing himself.

Craig Ruttle/AP

Enlarge

This Christmas was unlike any other in?Newtown.

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When a gunman wiped out nearly an entire first-grade class and killed students and adults in two other first-grade classrooms just 11 days before Christmas, it made it impossible for the holiday to be the same this year.

Some residents, like Joanne Brunetti, have found ways to console and help their grieving neighbors. Well-wishers from around the country are stopping by to do the same.

Brunetti watched over 26 candles that had been lit at midnight, just before Christmas Day, in honor of those slain at Sandy Hook Elementary School. She and her husband, Bill, signed up for a three-hour shift and erected a tent to ensure that the candle flames never went out throughout the day.

"You have to do something and you don't know what to do, you know? You really feel very helpless in this situation," she said Tuesday. "People have been wonderful to everybody in?Newtown?whether you were part of what happened or not. My thought is if we were all this nice to each other all the time maybe things like this wouldn't happen."

At a town hall memorial, Faith Leonard waved to people driving by and handed out Christmas cookies, children's gifts and hugs to anyone who needed it.

"I guess my thought was if I could be here helping out maybe one person would be able to spend more time with their family or grieve in the way they needed to," said Leonard, who drove to?Newtown?from Gilbert, Ariz., to volunteer on Christmas morning. "I know they've been inundated with support and that's great, but it's always nice to have a present to open on Christmas Day."

Julian Revie played "Silent Night" on a piano on the sidewalk at the downtown memorial. Revie, from Ottawa, Canada, was in the area visiting at the time of the shootings. He canceled his plans to go to Australia, found a piano online and chose to spend Christmas Eve and Christmas Day playing for the people of?Newtown.

"It was such a mood of respectful silence," said Revie, who planned to leave the piano behind. "But yesterday being Christmas Eve and today being Christmas Day, I thought now it's time for some Christmas carols for the children."

Many town residents attended Christmas Eve services Monday evening and spent the morning at home with their families. Others attended church services in search of a new beginning.

At St. Rose of Lima Roman Catholic Church, attended by eight of the child victims of the massacre, the pastor told parishioners that "today is the day we begin everything all over again."

Recalling the shootings at Sandy Hook Elementary School on Dec. 14, the Rev. Robert Weiss said: "The moment the first responder broke through the doors we knew good always overcomes evil."

"We know Christmas in a way we never ever thought we would know it," he said. "We need a little Christmas and we've been given it."

Volunteers hung ornaments on a series of memorial Christmas trees Tuesday morning while police officers from around the state took extra shifts to direct traffic, patrol the town and give police here a break.

"It's a nice thing that they can use us this way," Ted Latiak, a police detective from Greenwich, Conn., said Christmas morning, as he and a fellow detective, each working a half-day shift, came out of a store with bagels and coffee for other officers.

The expansive memorials throughout town have become gathering points for residents and visitors alike. A steady stream of residents, some in pajamas, relit candles that had been extinguished in an overnight snowstorm.

Others took pictures, dropped off toys and fought back tears at a huge sidewalk memorial in the center of?Newtown's?Sandy Hook section that is filled with stuffed animals, poems, flowers, posters and cards. Snow covered a pile of teddy bears displayed in town.

Newtown?officials plan to convert the countless mementos paying tribute to the 20 children and six adults into a memorial. Thousands of flowers, letters, signs, photos, candles, teddy bears and other items at sites around town will be turned into soil and blocks to be used in a memorial, The News Times in Danbury reports.

The mementos will stay up until after the New Year as residents and visitors pay their respects.

Police have yet to offer a possible motive for gunman Adam Lanza's rampage. The 20-year-old?Newtown?man, who lived at home, killed his mother in her bed before heading to the school and killing 20 children ? all either 6 or 7 years? and six adults. He then killed himself.

Associated Press writer Debbi Morello contributed to this report.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/CMNu4zG0cVI/Newtown-inundated-with-support-consolation-on-Christmas

ben flajnik

Wednesday, December 26, 2012

Ultrasound diagnoses appendicitis without X-rays

Dec. 24, 2012 ? Children suspected of having appendicitis are more likely to receive CT scans, which involve radiation, if they are evaluated at a general hospital, a new study by Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis has shown.

Similar patients who went to St. Louis Children's Hospital were more often evaluated with an ultrasound scan, a safer option that uses sound waves instead of radiation to confirm or rule out the need for surgery to remove the appendix.

Use of either scanning technique can potentially reduce the occurrence of unnecessary surgeries and expedite the diagnosis of appendicitis. But recent reports have suggested that the radiation exposures in CT scans can significantly increase children's lifetime cancer risk. As a result, researchers are reassessing the role of CT scans and seeking ways to reduce their use.

The study appears online Dec. 24 in the journal Pediatrics.

"Appendicitis is a very tough diagnosis, because its symptoms overlap with viral infections and other problems," says first author Jacqueline Saito, MD, assistant professor of surgery. "We don't want to operate when the appendix is fine, but if we wait too long, an inflamed appendix can rupture or perforate, making recovery more complicated and much slower."

The appendix is a finger-shaped pouch that extends from the large intestine. Infection or blockage of the appendix causes appendicitis, which can lead to abdominal pain, vomiting and fever.

Saito and her colleagues analyzed case records of 423 children who had appendectomies, or surgery to remove the appendix, at St. Louis Children's Hospital. In 218 patients initially evaluated at Children's Hospital and 205 at general hospitals, researchers reviewed how the patients were evaluated for appendicitis and whether the surgery's results confirmed the diagnosis.

CT scans, which take X-ray images from multiple angles, have been the primary diagnostic scan for detecting appendicitis for many years. About 85 percent of children initially evaluated at a general hospital underwent preoperative CT scans, and 45 percent of children initially seen at St. Louis Children's Hospital had CT scans. Using ultrasound to detect appendicitis has recently become more frequent, especially at St. Louis Children's Hospital; over half of children initially seen at St. Louis Children's Hospital, compared to 20 percent at general hospitals, had preoperative ultrasound.

Only 7 percent were not scanned using either method, and 15 percent had both types of imaging.

While ultrasound scans are safer for diagnosing appendicitis in children, they must be performed and interpreted by personnel who have received specialized training and are familiar with pediatric diagnostics.

"Ultrasound scans are difficult to perform correctly in this context, and what specialists can do at Children's Hospital may not be realistic or even available in a general hospital, which doesn't care for children as often," Saito says.

Saito is currently studying the outcomes of patients whose scans ruled out an appendectomy, looking to see if they had any additional symptoms or eventually had to have their appendixes removed.

"Ultimately what we'd liked to do is learn how we can reduce our use of CT imaging without compromising patient care," she says. "We want to find ways to identify the patients who really need these scans and those who can be effectively evaluated using other methods."

Funding from the National Center for Research Resources (award number UL1RR024992) and the St. Louis Children's Hospital Children's Hospital Children's Surgical Sciences Institute.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Washington University in St. Louis. The original article was written by Michael C. Purdy.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Jacqueline M. Saito, Yan Yan, Thomas W. Evashwick, Brad W. Warner, Phillip I. Tarr. Use and Accuracy of Diagnostic Imaging by Hospital Type in Pediatric Appendicitis. Pediatrics, 2012; [link]

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/oAFUIzf6JhQ/121224113349.htm

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Tuesday, December 25, 2012

Who needs church?

Churches come in all shapes and sizes ? a white-steepled Colonial nestled among Vermont maples; a cherub-packed basilica commanding a Roman boulevard; a megacampus hard by the interstate. A church can even spring up in a defunct Pizza Hut.

How and where people worship is constantly changing. Denominations may begin with a fervent few, rise to prominence, decline. Others reinvent themselves. And always there are new ones springing up. Churchgoing mirrors shifting populations and cultures. It?s like that old finger-play game of ?Here is the church; here is the steeple.? Open the doors: Some churches are empty, some full.

Nowhere is denominational churn as pronounced as in New England. Five hundred years ago, religious refugees fled there, only to establish virtual theocracies. Later came Unitarians and other theists, gospel skeptics whose open-mindedness helped frame the US Constitution. Next up were the personal-savior preachers of the first and second ?great awakenings? who fostered a populist Christianity. Then it was on to the transcendentalists with their celebration of nature and community.

Today?s New England is still a religious incubator. While it?s in the forefront of the ?unchurched? trend ? the growing numbers who see themselves as spiritually-minded but not denominational ? New England is also seeing a mushrooming of nonmainstream churches. Jeff MacDonald?s cover story in the Monitor Weekly locates that creative burst in a desire for hands-on, make-a-difference faith.

I?m sure it hasn?t escaped your notice that this publication is sponsored by a New England-born denomination that, like many, has both thriving branches and shrinking ones. I asked Margaret Rogers, one of five members of the board of directors of the First Church of Christ, Scientist, about the ebb and flow of religiousness over the decades. She observed that children often push away from the familiar and traditional as they grow up but embrace those same qualities as they mature.

Through it all, she said, there remains ?a natural yearning that never goes away,? a hunger for communion with something beyond ourselves and for community with others seeking the same thing. Perhaps that?s why the founder of the Christian Science church, Mary Baker Eddy, saw church in deeper terms than just a building or congregation, describing it as the ?structure of Truth and Love.?

In every era, churches change, but not their essential purpose. That?s important, because when we least expect it, we can suddenly wonder why we?re here and where we?re going. Church can give us a way to work that out. The great novelist of faith and family, Marilynne Robinson, in her nonfiction book ?Absence of Mind,? describes that sudden startling thought about our purpose in life as originating in the ?haunting I who wakes us in the night.? That ?I,? she notes, is surprisingly close to the biblical name for God: ?I AM.?

That ?I? can shake us awake in a soaring cathedral or call quietly in an abandoned Pizza Hut. We can hear it when mowing the lawn on a summer?s day or feel it in a crowd of shoppers on a sparkly Christmas Eve.

And after we wake up?

Maybe church ? not the building, but the essence of church ? helps us understand what to do next.

John Yemma is editor of The Christian Science Monitor. He can be reached at editor@csmonitor.com.

Read this story at csmonitor.com

Become a part of the Monitor community

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/needs-church-193223282--politics.html

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Tour D France ? And the Disgrace they call Lance Armstrong ...

The Tour D France is the toughest sporting spectacle on the planet, or so they say.?And Lance Armstrong mastered it?

In light of recent events where he was stripped of his medal and prize money, it seems as if his victories seemed like a complete sham. It's a disgrace not only to ?any sport in general, thanks to these doping trends, but also to the entire cycling community.

He had us completely fooled with a book about his battle for cancer. God-like and surreal it seemed until the U.S Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) charged him with using performance-enhancing drugs throughout his career.

To say the least, it's a complete disgrace? and shocking one for the American people who have held him in high esteem for a while now.

An Introduction to Cycling and the Tour D France

Cycling, for a long time, has been used as a means of transportation or recreation until the French thought of turning into a sport.

Even the bike that is used has evolved into more complex forms while the principles of traveling over large distances using "human power" has remained the same.

Gears, lighter frames among other accessories can be obtained according to customized specifications and one might guess that this is to obtain even the slightest advantage when it comes to aerodynamics.

Changes such as these have occurred over time because of the popularization of the Tour D France among other cycling sports events and one can imagine what the inventor of the bicycle, Baron Karl Von Drais, would think of these advances.

As for the?Tour D France, in its modern version,?covers almost 2200 miles over a period of three weeks ? enough to make even the most seasoned cyclist think twice about participating in the races.

What adds to the rigor that this race offers is the fact that there are only three rests days during the three weeks. Of course, with Lance Armstrong winning it seven times in the past (before the doping charges), he left in his wake two French and one Belgian and Spanish cyclist who had won the Tour D France fair and square.

One can only imagine how glad the French are considering these charges against Armstrong. We know that Ian Thorpe sure is and has been very public about it in recent times?

Yet despite the recent scandal in cycling, there's no doubt that it does have health benefits that we can benefit from.

Health Benefits of Cycling

Whether you ride a bike as transportation or even just for fun up rocky trails or even just on the road, it must be said that the benefits of cycling are numerous benefiting the entire body.

Put simply, cycling is good for your:

#1: Immune system

It has been found that this activity protects one from cancers.

#2: Heart

Considered to be an excellent cardio workout, ?studies have shown that an improvement in cardiovascular fitness as well as a decrease in coronary heart?disease happens when you cycle regularly.

#3: Muscles

Your calves, thighs and your behind tend to benefit the most if one cycles regularly. It goes without saying though that the entire body gets toned while also being excellent exercise for those with joint or hip problems.

#4: Lifespan

It has been found in several studies that cycling can improve longevity of life.

#5: Coordination

Since you have to maintain your balance, steer with your hands as well as move your feet in circles at the same time, it's obvious that this improves coordination.

In Closing

So, what do you think of the doping scandal involving Lance Armstrong? Also, what other cycling health benefits have you found other than those discussed?

?

Source: http://www.fitbuff.com/tour-d-france-and-the-disgrace-they-call-lance-armstrong/

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RG3 leads Redskins over Eagles 27-20

Washington Redskins quarterback Robert Griffin III, left, passes under pressure from Philadelphia Eagles' Brandon Graham, center, and Colt Anderson in the first half of an NFL football game, Sunday, Dec. 23, 2012, in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Mel Evans)

Washington Redskins quarterback Robert Griffin III, left, passes under pressure from Philadelphia Eagles' Brandon Graham, center, and Colt Anderson in the first half of an NFL football game, Sunday, Dec. 23, 2012, in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Mel Evans)

Philadelphia Eagles' Nick Foles (9) passes in the first half of an NFL football game against the Washington Redskins, Sunday, Dec. 23, 2012, in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Michael Perez)

Philadelphia Eagles' Jeremy Maclin, left, and Nick Foles celebrate after a touchdown pass in the first half of an NFL football game against the Washington Redskins, Sunday, Dec. 23, 2012, in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Michael Perez)

Philadelphia Eagles' Jeremy Maclin, left, pulls in a touchdown pass against Washington Redskins' D.J. Johnson in the first half of an NFL football game on Sunday, Dec. 23, 2012, in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Michael Perez)

Philadelphia Eagles' Nick Foles, left, scrambles from Washington Redskins' Ryan Kerrigan in the first half of an NFL football game, Sunday, Dec. 23, 2012, in Philadelphia. (AP Photo/Mel Evans)

(AP) ? Robert Griffin III used his arm to lift the Washington Redskins within a victory of the playoffs.

Known as much for his running as passing, Griffin threw a pair of touchdown passes in his first game back from a knee injury. Kai Forbath set the NFL record for consecutive field goals to begin a career, and the Redskins held on to beat the Philadelphia Eagles 27-20 on Sunday for their sixth straight win.

Counted out by their own coach six weeks ago, the Redskins (9-6) are on the brink of their first division title in 13 years. Washington can clinch the NFC East with a victory over Dallas at home next Sunday.

The game has been flexed to prime-time by the NFL.

The Redskins haven't won it since 1999 and last reached the playoffs in 2007. They could still back into the postseason with a loss.

"We're already onto the next one," Griffin said. "You don't celebrate wins at this point of the season."

Nick Foles drove the Eagles to the Redskins 5 before his intentional grounding penalty ended the game.

Trying to play spoiler, the Eagles (4-11) fell short in what could've been Andy Reid's last game coaching the team at home. Reid is unlikely to return to Philadelphia for his 15th season next year. The Eagles, who are missing the playoffs for the second straight year after coming in with huge expectations, finish at the New York Giants.

"I have nothing to tell you on that," Reid said. "I'm the coach right now."

A sprained right knee forced Griffin to miss last week's win at Cleveland. The rookie had a season-low 4 yards rushing but made several big throws to lead Washington.

"Anytime you wear a brace, it's going to restrict your motion," Griffin said. "It didn't slow me down by any means. I felt like myself out there. That's why they call me quarterback. It's not abbreviated with running quarterback. I have to throw the ball and assist guys by handing off."

Griffin was 16 of 24 for 198 yards. He did throw the first interception made by the Eagles in nine games. They hadn't picked off one since Week 6 against Detroit before Colt Anderson intercepted Griffin's tipped pass in the fourth quarter.

That set up a 17-yard TD run by Dion Lewis that cut Washington's lead to 27-20 midway through the fourth.

The Eagles held on defense, forced a punt and started their last drive at their 15. They were at the Washington 17 when Foles bounced a pass to Jeremy Maclin, who was open in the right corner of the end zone on third down. Foles then hit LeSean McCoy for a 12-yard gain on fourth-and-2 to the 5 with 11 seconds left. After an incompletion where Evan Moore dropped a pass near the goal line, Foles was called for grounding, and the last second was automatically run off the clock.

"In that situation, the clock is the most important thing," Foles said. "I didn't feel like anyone was open and was just trying to make a play. I just have to make sure the ball gets to line of scrimmage. That's on me."

While the Redskins celebrated, the Eagles ran off the field to a chorus of boos.

There was talk in Philadelphia leading up to the game whether fans would give Reid a cheerful send-off. The crowd didn't acknowledge him when he took the field before the pre-game introductions, but some chanted "Andy! Andy!" in support when he left.

"We have great fans," said Reid, who gave a slight wave as he walked into the tunnel. "I understand the situation. I appreciate everything."

Griffin was injured late in the fourth quarter of an overtime win against Baltimore two weeks ago. Fellow rookie Kirk Cousins stepped in and led the Redskins to the tying and winning scores in that game and then a victory at Cleveland.

But having RG3 back, even if he was limited, was a boost for the Redskins.

"He's a guy we count on to lead us," receiver Santana Moss said. "He's a born leader and he came in here with that mentality. We are very fortunate to have him."

The Redskins and Eagles were both 3-6 when they met last month. Before that game, Washington coach Mike Shanahan suggested the playoffs were out of reach and it was time to play out the string.

It may have motivated his players. The Redskins haven't lost since, beating the Cowboys, Giants and Ravens in the process.

"They know what it means," Shanahan said. "They've been working toward this opportunity to win the division. Any time you win the division, everybody knows you have a home game in the playoffs. We talked about that from Day 1. They knew what we had to do to get there. We haven't accomplished anything yet."

The Redskins went up 20-10 on the opening drive of the third quarter. Griffin threw a 29-yard pass to Pierre Garcon to get it started and Alfred Morris ran in from the 10 for his 10th TD.

Griffin's perfectly thrown 22-yard TD pass to Moss in the left corner of the end zone put the Redskins ahead 27-13 late in the third.

McCoy was back in the lineup after missing the last four games with a concussion. He had 45 yards rushing. Michael Vick was inactive, though he was cleared to play after missing five games with a concussion.

Forbath hit field goals of 45 and 42 yards in the second quarter. The second was his 17th straight, breaking Garrett Hartley's record for consecutive field goals made to start a career.

Notes: Shanahan has 174 wins, including postseason. He tied Mike Holmgren for 11th all-time in NFL history. ... Morris ran for 96 yards. ... Redskins had a season-high five sacks. ... Only two other times Griffin had less than 10 yards rushing were in losses to Atlanta and Pittsburgh. ... Eagles have committed 36 turnovers while forcing only 13. .... Foles finished 32 of 48 for 345 yards, one TD and one interception.

___

Follow Rob Maaddi on Twitter: https://twitter.com/RobMaaddi

___

Online: http://pro32.ap.org/poll and http://twitter.com/AP_NFL

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2012-12-23-FBN-Redskins-Eagles/id-a8616cfd41b8412f94702630da93d162

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Monday, December 24, 2012

Cary News | Holly Springs wrestling takes down Sanderson

Published: Dec 22, 2012 09:47 PM
Modified: Dec 22, 2012 09:48 PM


RALEIGH - Wrestling matches between seemingly even teams hinge on the bouts that could go either way. The team that manages to pull out more wins in those ?swing? bouts usually walks away with the team victory.That was certainly the case Wednesday when Holly Springs, ranked fourth in the News & Observer area rankings, took the mat against Sanderson, ranked third, during a tri-meet at Athens Drive High School.Holly Springs coach Brandon Inge felt like half of the 14 weight classes could be won by either team. And he was prepared for a tight battle.But when all was said and done, Inge?s guys had taken care of business and rolled to a 40-18 early season win.?After scouting and setting up the lineup, I thought there were about seven toss-up [bouts],? Inge said. ?And we won five of those. I did not expect that to happen. And I definitely didn?t expect the score to end up like it did. Sanderson has a great, well-coached team.?Adding to Inge?s concern was illness that?s been a perpetual problem over the past couple of weeks.?The flu has spread through this team,? he said. ?We?re missing three regular starters. So I?m really proud of the guys. I?m proud of the guys who won, but also proud of the ones that lost. They fought hard, too. We only gave up one pin.?The match started at 160 pounds, and through the first five weight classes, it looked to be the nail-biter the rankings had forecast. Travian Cooke and Austin Galati picked up decisions at 160 and 170 pounds to give the Golden Hawks an early 6-0 advantage, but the Spartans responded with three straight wins.C.J. Grannen picked up Sanderson?s only pin of the night just 39 seconds into his bout, and Antwuan Elliot and Seabastian Murray followed with two decisions. The Spartans led 12-6 after 220 pounds.After that, though, the momentum swung permanently in Holly Springs? favor.C.J. Cooper and Aaron Redus went back-to-back with pins to put the Hawks back in front. Sanderson?s Adam Derose battled for a hard-fought 9-5 decision over Hoa Tran at 113 pounds to keep the score close, but the next five bouts fell for Holly Springs.Parker Ragsdale scored a major decision, 19-9, at 120 pounds, and Myles Jones made quick work of his opponent at 126 to put the Hawks out in front. The bout that followed was the most dramatic of the night, marking one of those crucial ?toss-up? matches Inge had talked about.Control was tough to come by as both John Cox and Alonzo Adams battled through the first period. By the end of the second period, though, Sanderson?s Adams had managed to mount a 4-0 lead. The third and final period was much like the first until late when Cox scored four quick points to tie it up and force overtime. Overtime is sudden death ? the first to score wins. Cox wasted no time in the extra frame, scoring a quick takedown and in the process thwarting any possible Spartans? comebacks.It was a seminal moment in the match for both Holly Springs and Cox, who began the season on the bench.?John started this year on second string,? Inge said. ?But now he?s getting his chance and he?s working hard. He?s a very hard worker and it showed tonight. He got down early, but you could tell late that his [opponent] got tired and John didn?t. He was big when he needed to. I?m proud of him. This will be a huge confidence boost for him.?Javon Johnson and Daniel Richardson tacked on two more wins for the Hawks, and the Spartans? Jonny Gomez closed the match with a 9-6 decision at 152 pounds long after the outcome of the team score had been decided.Inge was satisfied with his team?s effort after the match, and saw a bright future once his lineup is whole again.?Hopefully we?ll get all our guys back by mid-January,? he said. ?We?re thin in the upper weight classes. We need to get healthy. We?ve still got a long ways to go, but we?re getting better. Tonight was a good night for us.?The win was Holly Spring?s second of the evening. The Hawks defeated Athens Drive 62-12 in the opening match of the tri-meet.

All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be published, broadcast or redistributed in any manner.

Source: http://www.carynews.com/2012/12/22/68646/holly-springs-wrestling-takes.html

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Syrian civil war at stalemate, Assad won't go: Russia

BEIRUT (Reuters) - Syria's civil war has reached stalemate and international efforts to persuade President Bashar al-Assad to quit will fail, Russia's Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said on Saturday.

Mainly Sunni Muslim rebels seeking to overthrow Assad are fighting on the edge of the capital Damascus and expanding southwards from their northern strongholds in Aleppo and Idlib into the central province of Hama.

But Assad, from the Alawite minority linked to Shi'ite Islam, has responded with artillery, air strikes and - according to the NATO military alliance which is stationing anti-missile defenses in neighboring Turkey - with Scud-type missiles.

The Kremlin's Middle East envoy was quoted as saying earlier this month that the rebels could defeat Assad's forces and that Moscow was preparing a possible evacuation of Russians, the strongest signs yet that it is preparing for a post-Assad Syria.

That followed concerted calls from Western powers and some Arab countries for Assad to step down before Syria's 21-month-old conflict, which has killed more than 44,000 people according to activists, wreaks more destruction.

But Lavrov said the Syrian president was not about to bow to pressure from opponents or more sympathetic leaders in Moscow and Beijing.

"Listen, no one is going to win this war," he told reporters aboard a government plane en route to Moscow from the Russia-EU summit in Brussels. "Assad is not going anywhere, no matter what anyone says, be it China or Russia."

Lavrov said Russia had rejected requests from countries in the region to pressure Assad to go or offer him safe haven, and warned that his exit might lead to an upsurge in fighting.

He also said Syrian authorities were gathering the country's chemical weapons in one or two areas and that they were "under control" for the time being. "Currently the (Syrian) government is doing all it can to secure (chemical weapons), according to intelligence data we have and the West has," he said.

Western countries said three weeks ago that Assad's government might be preparing to use poison gas to counter rebels who are encamped around his capital and control rural Aleppo and Idlib in the north.

REBEL WARNINGS

In central Hama province, where rebels say they have taken most of the rural territory west of Hama city, fighters threatened to storm two mainly Christian towns which they said Assad's forces were using as bases to attack them.

A video released by the rebels showed seven armed fighters of the Ansar Brigade demanding that residents of Mahrada and al-Suqeilabiya evict Assad's forces.

In Aleppo, rebel leader Colonel Abdel-Jabbar al-Oqaidi said his fighters considered the skies above Aleppo to be a no-fly zone and repeated a warning that they would attack planes using the city's airport.

Snipers fired at an airliner preparing to take off from Aleppo on Thursday, forcing it to abandon its departure.

"The airport was being used as a military airport to transport troops and (Iranian) Revolutionary Guards," Oqaidi told Reuters. "We forbid planes from flying in Syrian air space. We will set up a no-fly zone."

In Damascus, a car bomb killed five people and wounded dozens in the eastern district of Qaboun on Saturday, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said.

Video footage which activists said was filmed at the site of the explosion showed a white car in flames in the centre of a street filled with concrete rubble and furniture from at least one building which had collapsed.

The British-based Observatory, which monitors violence across Syria through a network of sources on the ground, also reported clashes between rebels and forces loyal to Assad on the southern edge of the Yarmouk Palestinian refugee camp, taken over by rebels this week.

Three people were killed by snipers and the army sent reinforcements to the perimeter of Yarmouk, which is described as a camp but in reality is a dense concentration of concrete buildings housing descendants of Palestinians who fled the 1948 fighting at the creation of the state of Israel.

The Observatory says 44,000 people have been killed in Syria since the uprising erupted against Assad in March last year.

International envoy Lakhdar Brahimi, who tried in vain to secure a four-day truce in November to mark the Islamic holiday of Eid al-Adha, will visit Syria in the next few days for talks with Assad, a source in the Cairo-based Arab League said.

The source said no date for such a visit had been announced but he expected it would be within a few days. "Lakhdar Brahimi's team does not want to announce the time of the visit too early, perhaps for logistical or security reasons," he said.

(Additional reporting by Yara Bayoumy in Aleppo, Alexei Anishchuk in Moscow, Ayman Samir in Cairo; Editing by Stephen Powell)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/syrian-rebels-target-aleppo-airport-110335105.html

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Sunday, December 23, 2012

Smaller Colorado River projected for coming decades, study says

Dec. 23, 2012 ? Some 40 million people depend on the Colorado River Basin for water but warmer weather from rising greenhouse gas levels and a growing population may signal water shortages ahead. In a new study in Nature Climate Change, climate modelers at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory predict a 10 percent drop in the Colorado River's flow in the next few decades, enough to disrupt longtime water-sharing agreements between farms and cities across the American Southwest, from Denver to Los Angeles to Tucson, and through California's Imperial Valley.

"It may not sound like a phenomenally large amount except the water and the river is already over-allocated," said Richard Seager, a climate scientist at Columbia University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and lead author of the new study.

The study expands on findings published in 2007 in the journal Science that the American Southwest is becoming more arid as temperatures rise and rainfall patterns shift from human-caused climate change. It also comes on the heels of a major study of the Colorado River Basin by the U.S. Department of Interior that projected longer and more severe droughts by 2060, and a 9 percent decline in the Colorado's flows.

"The projections are spot on," said Bradley Udall, an expert on hydrology and policy of the American West, at the University of Colorado, Boulder. "Everyone wondered what the next generation of models would say. Now we have a study that suggests we better take seriously the drying projections ahead."

The present study narrows in on three key regions for water managers -- the Colorado River headwaters, the greater California-Nevada region and Texas, which gets nearly all of its water from within state borders. The study makes use of the latest models (those used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its Fifth Assessment Report due out next fall), to estimate seasonal changes in precipitation, evaporation, water runoff and soil moisture in the near future, 2021-2040. "It's a much finer grain picture than the one we had in 2007," said Seager.

Drying is expected in all three regions, as warmer temperatures trigger more evaporation, even in places that may see greater seasonal rain or snowfall, the study found. The models project that temperatures in 2021-2040 will be 1 to 2 degrees Celsius warmer than now. The Colorado headwaters are expected to see more precipitation on average, but annual stream flow is expected to decline by 10 percent, and as much as 25 percent during springtime, as warmer temperatures boost evaporation, the study found. California and Nevada will also see big changes in spring, with a projected 20 percent drop in spring runoff; Texas will overall become drier with a 10 percent decline in annual runoff. For Texas the models predict that precipitation will decrease and evaporation rates will also go down in spring and summer, but only because "there is no moisture to evaporate," said study co-author Mingfang Ting, a climate scientist at Lamont-Doherty.

Population growth in the Southwest is putting added pressure on regional water resources. To put the Colorado flow projections in context, a 10 percent decline is about five times the amount of water that Las Vegas uses in a year, said Udall. With alternate water sources tapped out, the West will likely have to meet the decline by cutting back on water use. "You can't go build another water project," he said. "That's what makes this problem so difficult."

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by The Earth Institute at Columbia University, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Richard Seager, Mingfang Ting, Cuihua Li, Naomi Naik, Ben Cook, Jennifer Nakamura, Haibo Liu. Projections of declining surface-water availability for the southwestern United States. Nature Climate Change, 2012; DOI: 10.1038/nclimate1787

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/HgfwTL8S5As/121223152734.htm

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The Stop Smoking Formula App Review | iPhone & iPad Health ...




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Source: http://appsparkle.com/2012/12/the-stop-smoking-formula-review/

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The Chart-Topping Nuns of Ephesus

Are you a glass half empty or half full kind of person? I think a good test is what you find more fascinating news story here: That Benedictine nuns managed to knock the 50 Shades of Grey soundtrack off the top of the Billboard charts this fall (or that the sadomasochistic novel even has a soundtrack).

The Benedictines of Mary, Queen of the Apostles are cloistered women religious at the priory of Ephesus in northwest Missouri. Their beautiful CD, Advent at Ephesus, was made possible by De Montfort Music, founded by a husband-and-wife music executives who want to produce beautiful sacred music. Monica Fitzgibbons talks about the mission and working with the women of Ephesus.

KJL: How did you wind up in the sacred-music business?

Fitzgibbons: My husband and I have a long history in the global entertainment industry. For many years he worked for SONY and I worked for DreamWorks. In 2007, we founded an entertainment entity called Aim Higher Media and Entertainment designed to encourage artists and to assist with various resources in order to compel uplifting/high quality art to be created and brought to market. We have some subsidiaries under the Aim Higher umbrella, one of which is De Montfort Music which is dedicated solely to sacred music/chant.

KJL: Couldn?t you make more money working on 50 Shades of Grey soundtrack instead, which the nuns just beat on the Billboard chart?

Fitzgibbons: I will leave that question to the bean counters as we haven?t been focusing on a competitive analysis on that one! I can only speak to this project, which has been an overall unique and beautiful collection to work with. There are all sorts of currencies and our labor is one of love aimed at the treasures of Heaven.

KJL: Do you consider that a great accomplishment, by the way ? the displacement of 50 Shades?

Fitzgibbons: In media and entertainment in general there is always a hook to every story. The week Advent at Ephesus debuted at #1 it happened to be that 50 Shades had been occupying the #1 chart position for the previous 10 weeks, so there was that contrast there. The press and blogosphere picked up on that and ran with it.

KJL: How did you find these nuns in particular?

Fitzgibbons: Due to our background we have received all kinds of music over the years, and when we heard the music of The Benedictines of Mary we were so inspired that it moved us into taking an action and doing what we could to help their music reach beyond their priory and friends of their community.

KJL: What were they like to work with?

Fitzgibbons: In a rare moment, I am speechless! There is so much to be said about the beauty of The Benedictines of Mary. They are charitable, prayerful, hospitable, disciplined, joyful, talented, smart, energetic and extremely private. The fact that they made themselves available for this music to come out is a rare gift and honor for which we are very grateful.

KJL: Besides making it a little busier, have the nuns influenced your Advent? If so, how?

Fitzgibbons: We did not have in our music library, a collection specifically dedicated to Advent and the specific hymns and songs designed to specifically compliment the season. This has been a great benefit and has brought much peace to the environment, serving to offset a typically busy time of year.

KJL: Is your work with De Montfort Music in any way an indictment of the music industry?

Fitzgibbons: We are grateful for our background and training in the entertainment industry. From a very young age, both Kevin and I were executives and in fortunate positions to be able to learn from some of the top talent in the industry. Taking this step into Aim Higher and De Montfort was the next right thing in our overall journey. It has been incredibly positive, and grace filled, as one might expect to hear from anyone who has branched out and been able to create a new venture. Moreover it has been a way for us to maintain a working relationship with art that we thoroughly enjoy on many levels from the spiritual to the creative.

KJL: What are other projects you?re working on?

Fitzgibbons: We have some other projects that we are working on for next year, some more sacred music and some classical music projects, as well as music supervision projects for film.

KJL: Why is music important?

Fitzgibbons: Music, like all art, has the ability to affect temperaments and inspire great heights in humanity. Music is a great accompaniment to the human experience. It has always been near and dear to our hearts and more recently it has been extremely interesting to go back across the ages and discover some hidden or more lost art from times gone by. It seems perfectly fitting in the sense of sacred music to seek out performances of this music from communities who have an intense respect and grounding in the traditions at the root of this music.

KJL: Have our sacred music been impoverished in recent decades?

Fitzgibbons: If you think of all classical music as being a genre that deals in sacred music on some level then to the extent that it is still around is a good thing. However it can be noted that comparatively speaking this genre is not competing on the high chart positions. It would be a good thing if young people, the dominant consumers of music, had a grounding in classical and sacred music as a baseline for appreciating music, because it takes a high caliber of talent to be able to accomplish a rendition of the works of Mozart, Beethoven, or Vivaldi to name a few. This would only serve to raise the bar on many levels, so we are thankful to be in this market.

Source: http://www.patheos.com/blogs/kathrynlopez/2012/12/the-chart-topping-nuns-of-ephesus/

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Are relationships largely determined by chemicals ... - Indian Affairs

Chemistry is a trendy word these days. A film?s success or failure is often attributed to the chemistry, or lack of it, between its actors. When two people meet for the first? time and hit it off, they have a ?great chemistry?, ?while workplace issues often stem from ?bad work chemistry?.
Love was the first relationship description to move away from the realms of physics and biology to the cauldron of heady molecules: endorphins, testosterone and oxytocin and get the identity of a sizzling chemical reaction. Do the laws of chemistry that circumscribe love hold true for other human relationships, too? Are the filial bonds that hold people together merely a set of chemical equations when broken down to the molecular level? Is there a chemical formula for every emotion?
Scientists across the globe have been working on unravelling the secrets of social neuroscience, a trendy new branch of research. There is one theory that considers every human being as a molecule, whose interactions with other individuals are like those between two giant molecules, forming affinity or repelling bonds the same way as a molecule of oxygen would react with hydrogen or iron. Another group feels that most interpersonal interactions are the play of chemicals released by these individuals, under instructions from their respective genetic codes.
A study conducted a few decades ago showed that a group of girls who lived in a confined space would have their menstrual cycles synchronised. This made scientists wonder if there were chemical cues that were making the group behave similarly, says Sanjeev Jain, professor of psychiatry at National Institute of Mental Health and Neurological Sciences (Nimhans), Bangalore. ?Similar cues must be triggering complex behaviours in people, governing group activities, courtship and mating,? says Sanjeev.
For instance, the double income nuclear family culture of present times is showing? an increasing number of youngsters affected by the maternal social deprivation syndrome. ?The absence of parents for long hours and insufficient bonding affects the secretion of most hormones from the brain?s pituitary glands, thereby affecting general growth, wellbeing and social skills,? says Dr S.K. Wangnoo, senior consultant endocrinologist at Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Delhi. Here again, there must be strong chemical cues from the parents that encourage development in the youngster.
Psychiatrists and endocrinologists loosely club individuals into three clusters. ?Cluster A people have high levels of dopamine and are the most eccentric,? says Dr Kushal Jain, psychiatrist at Vidyasagar Institute of Mental Health and Neurological Studies, New Delhi. ?They don?t mix well with others and do things their own way. They are fine to work with as long as they are not disturbed too much. Cluster B people are outgoing. They are good leaders but not necessarily good team members. These people are found to be low in dopamine, a pleasure hormone. Since their pleasure pathways don?t work too well because of a lack of dopamine, they are constantly trying to activate the pathways, which reflects in their social behaviour. These people also have interpersonal problems with others of their cluster type. Cluster C people are affable, as they have low levels of serotonin, a stress management chemical. Since this cluster lacks stress coping skills, it automatically tries to avoid conflict.?
Extremely low serotonin levels, however, are associated with mental disorders like depression. It isn?t always levels of a chemical that affect relationships. Sometimes it is how a person?s body reacts to the chemical. For instance, people with social anxiety disorders are often extra sensitive to the effects of serotonin.
These clusters could explain several interpersonal behaviours. Two constantly bickering colleagues might both be dopamine-starved, while a calm, affable person? might be running low on serotonin. Will a calm person get aggressive if injected with serotonin? ?The creator wouldn?t get the variety of individual personalities we see today if he had to depend on just dopamine and serotonin,? says Mumbai-based social psychiatrist Harish Shetty. ?Each human being should be considered a laboratory of trillions of molecules. Interaction with another such laboratory will naturally set off innumerable chemical reactions that will ultimately forge the relationship between the two.?
Chemicals don?t work solo, they like to work in a group. Human beings are the most? evolved species and can understand each other?s feelings. They have empathy. Sanjeev suggests that mirror neuron pathways in the brain play a role here. These pathways were discovered around three decades ago and have caught the fancy of neurologists and neuropsychiatrists ever since.
Why do opposites attract? According to Jain, the attraction might happen because they see in the other what they may like to see in themselves, and forge the bond through the mirror pathways.
US-based scientist Dr V.S. Ramachandran?s research suggests that empathy itself is not a metaphysical, social phenomenon, but has a neurological basis. In his study, he? gave a set of people mild electric pokes, which fired their mirror neurons for pain. The same set of neurons fired up in the same way when these people saw someone else being poked. Understanding someone?s feelings is what we call empathy. Ramachandran calls these neurons the Dalai Lama neurons.
Scientists theorise that even a human?s moral fibre is woven with the yarn of chemicals, mainly large peptide chains of molecules like hormones. Oxytocin and progesterone are the toppers in this category, being associated with lofty virtues like altruism and empathy. One research group in the west developed a nasal spray with oxytocin as the main component and, in a study, showed that inhaling it lowered the social fears of the subjects, thereby making them more trusting.
Oxytocin is released in copious amounts during childbirth and lactation. ?Delivering and bringing up a child, often at the cost of huge personal risk, requires high levels of selflessness,? says Sanjeev. So, naturally, researchers have studied this ancient molecule in depth. Released during hugging and kissing, oxytocin has earned appellations like ?the love hormone? or ?the cuddle hormone?. It is seen in high levels among prairie wolves, an extremely monogamous species, indicating? oxytocin?s role in fidelity. In pop science, oxytocin is the tend-and-befriend chemical, just as adrenaline is the fight-or-flight hormone.
Progesterone, which is present during pregnancy, is regarded as the nurturing hormone, and is also called the fidelity hormone. ?In complex species, childbirth and childcare are taxing processes requiring the participation of both parents. Fidelity is, therefore, a requisite for survival,? says Sanjeev.
Social endocrinology is still in its nascent stages and every study throws up new information. Chemicals do not always instruct us on how to behave and our behaviour, too, can release a particular set of chemicals. A recent study by the University of Michigan shows that female bonding causes a surge in progesterone levels, increasing their general levels of wellbeing. This is in contrast to the established thought that progesterone caused bonding in the first place. The study also showed that these women, when awash with progesterone surges, were also more inclined to sacrifice, even at the cost to personal risk.
Positive chemical cocktails coursing through the system will not amount to much, however, unless supported by the right genetic code, physical maturity and other factors. The nesting behaviour triggered by progesterone works best when the body is in its prime reproductive years. An immature individual might not be able to utilise the affiliation bonds induced by the hormone as effectively.
?Uptake of chemicals depends on the development of neuronic pathways in the brain,? says Sanjeev. Does that explain why people you could never get along with during your youth now seem tolerable? Similarly, adrenaline, a corticosteroid, is secreted in times of sudden stress, triggering a cascade of reactions from dilated pupils to increased heartbeats, making the individual acutely self-aware and focussed on the situation.
Yet, some decide to fight the adversary, while others choose flight. ?Herein comes personality type, which is itself etched by individual chemical concentrations in their systems,? says Wangnoo.
Behavioural scientist Anindya Sinha of the National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore, has been studying macaques for two decades. He has made interesting observations, based on just one molecule: a transporter of serotonin. Most macaques have only one variety of this gene, only the aggressive rhesus [where the pecking order is stringent] and egalitarian bonnet macaques [who live in democratic communities] show different expressions of the gene, or polymorphism, as it is scientifically called. Sinha?s studies demonstrate that this genetic variety is responsible for a commonly shared trait between these otherwise different macaques: adaptability. Individuals with the long gene sequence are better adapted to stress than those with the short one. But the coexistence of both gene forms within the population gives the cluster better adaptability skills, thus boosting their survival chances even in changing environments.
At a human level, Sinha extends this theory to explain why certain socially negative traits like alcoholism and drug addiction persist. These traits have been associated with the expression of particular genes. Scientists believe that genes which are bad for the survival of species are eventually weeded out of populations. But the same gene that makes a person prone to addiction might also be responsible for a positive trait like adaptability or affability that is beneficial for species survival. ?My studies focussed on just one gene expression,? said Sinha. ?Individual behaviours are sculpted when hundreds of genes act in concert. Yet, we are not just a manifestation of gene expression, because there are so many other forces also at play. There is a chemistry out there for sure. But how much is chemistry and how much is beyond it, is something we don?t know when we will decipher.?

The absence of parents for long hours and insufficient bonding affects the secretion of most hormones from the brain?s pituitary glands, thereby affecting general growth, wellbeing and social skills.
Dr S.K. Wangnoo, senior consultant endocrinologist, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Delhi

Source: http://indianaffairs.tv/are-relationships-largely-determined-by-chemicals-released-in-individuals/

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Google Poaches Samsung Marketer ? And ... - Business Insider

Google has hired Samsung vp/strategic marketing Brian Wallace to be its new marketing head at Motorola, according to AllThingsD.

That's a potential headache for Facebook because Wallace was a major client of Facebook ? he was one of the key execs who made the decision to launch the Galaxy S III phone on Facebook with a $10 million ad buy that resulted in $129 million in sales directly attributed to Facebook.

Facebook, presumably, has a great relationship with Samsung with or without Wallace but still ? Samsung is one of Facebook's biggest advertisers and the social network will not be happy to see a relationship with Wallace come to an end.

More broadly, Google has made a huge move for Motorola here. Wallace and his team were responsible for the hugely successful anti-iPhone 5 campaign that Samsung laid on this year, to great acclaim. Look for something equally bold from Google in 2013.

Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/google-poaches-samsung-marketer-and-thats-a-potential-headache-for-facebook-2012-12

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